Canada / en 'Canada's sweetheart' Anne Murray donates archives to 茄子直播 /news/canada-s-sweetheart-anne-murray-donates-archives-u-t <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">'Canada's sweetheart' Anne Murray donates archives to 茄子直播</span> <div class="field field--name-field-featured-picture field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/2017-11-16-anne-murray.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=OYfAsGkt 370w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_740/public/2017-11-16-anne-murray.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=Gogvc-HB 740w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_1110/public/2017-11-16-anne-murray.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=oCkg5kZU 1110w" sizes="(min-width:1200px) 1110px, (max-width: 1199px) 80vw, (max-width: 767px) 90vw, (max-width: 575px) 95vw" width="740" height="494" src="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/2017-11-16-anne-murray.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=OYfAsGkt" alt="Anne Murray"> </div> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"><span>ullahnor</span></span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2017-11-16T15:59:41-05:00" title="Thursday, November 16, 2017 - 15:59" class="datetime">Thu, 11/16/2017 - 15:59</time> </span> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cutline-long field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Cutline</div> <div class="field__item">Anne Murray, who paved the way for other Canadian singers on the world stage, donated archives from her 40-year career to the University of Toronto Libraries (photo by Laura Pedersen)</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-reporters field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/authors-reporters/noreen-ahmed-ullah" hreflang="en">Noreen Ahmed-Ullah</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Topic</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/topics/city-culture" hreflang="en">City &amp; Culture</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-story-tags field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/canada" hreflang="en">Canada</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/culture" hreflang="en">Culture</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/music" hreflang="en">Music</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/u-t-libraries" hreflang="en">茄子直播 Libraries</a></div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>University of Toronto will be home to the archives of Canada's music legend Anne Murray.</p> <p>The first Canadian female solo singer to reach No. 1 on the U.S. charts, whose albums have sold over 55 million copies worldwide,&nbsp;Murray&nbsp;has donated her extensive archives&nbsp;to 茄子直播 Libraries.</p> <p>The collection includes more than 70 boxes, containing&nbsp;188 LP albums from around the world, nearly 900&nbsp;photographs, 253 audiotapes and cassettes going back to the time she was 18, videotapes of her television appearances,&nbsp;yearly scrapbooks of clippings, fan mail from the likes of ABC anchor Peter Jennings and a thank-you note from TV host Dick Clark,&nbsp;to name a few.&nbsp;</p> <p>鈥淓very television show I ever did, every tape I ever made,&nbsp;people will have access to this,鈥 Murray said in an interview with&nbsp;<em>茄子直播 News</em>. 鈥淎 lot of the places I played 鈥&nbsp;Carnegie Hall, Radio City Music Hall, Royal Albert Hall in London, the Palladium in London 鈥 it was at the time, monumental for me. Everything鈥檚 there.鈥&nbsp;</p> <p>茄子直播 Libraries announced the donation of Murray's archives&nbsp;at an event&nbsp;at Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library this week.&nbsp;Murray's 40-year career&nbsp;saw&nbsp;her&nbsp;win four Grammy Awards, 24 Juno Awards, three American Music Awards and three CMA Awards.</p> <p>鈥淪he embodies the Canadian popular music industry,鈥&nbsp;said<strong>&nbsp;Brock Silversides</strong>, director&nbsp;of <a href="https://mediacommons.library.utoronto.ca/">茄子直播 Libraries' Media Commons</a>,&nbsp;which houses an audiovisual library and media archives at Robarts Library.&nbsp;鈥淪he's been so successful within Canada and internationally. She's really identified with Canada, even one of her songs&nbsp;<em>Snowbird</em>,&nbsp;that's so Canada.</p> <p>鈥淛ust with her voice alone, she's become enormously successful and has affected a lot of people. At the risk of sounding like a clich茅, Anne's music has been the soundtrack to many people's lives.鈥</p> <p><img alt class="media-image attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__6800 img__view_mode__media_original attr__format__media_original" src="/sites/default/files/2017-11-16-anne-murray-lp-1.jpg" style="width: 750px; height: 500px; margin: 10px;" typeof="foaf:Image"><br> <em>A note from Dick Clark (left), photographs, LPs and videos are among the&nbsp;more than 70 boxes in the Anne Murray archives at <a href="https://mediacommons.library.utoronto.ca/">茄子直播 Libraries'&nbsp;Media Commons</a></em></p> <p>Dressed in a blue leather jacket, Murray, 72, was her down-to-earth self at the announcement Wednesday evening, recalling why she decided to donate the archives.</p> <p>At the time, she was moving&nbsp;from her Toronto area home of&nbsp;38 years to a condo, she said, and&nbsp;a squash court in the house was doubling as a storage room.</p> <p>鈥淚t was wall to wall shelves with 40 years of memorabilia,鈥 Murray said. 鈥淚 had no idea who, if anybody, would want that.鈥</p> <p>Well, 茄子直播 did.</p> <h3><a href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/anne-murray-uoft-donation-1.4412327?cmp=rss">Read a CBC story on Anne Murray's donation&nbsp;&nbsp;</a></h3> <p>The university's&nbsp;extensive library system houses the archives of well-known Canadians like <a href="/news/legend-dies-u-t-s-fisher-library-home-boxes-leonard-cohen-s-papers">Leonard Cohen</a> and 茄子直播 alumna&nbsp;<strong><a href="/news/handmaid-s-tale-margaret-atwood-s-handwritten-first-draft-u-t-s-fisher-library">Margaret Atwood</a></strong>, whose collections reside at the Thomas Fisher Library.</p> <p>In this case, a friend of Murray's, music journalist&nbsp;Marty Melhuish, had also donated his material to&nbsp;茄子直播. He put her in touch with Silversides.&nbsp;Murray recalled her initial phone conversation with the head of Media Commons.&nbsp;</p> <p>鈥淚 said to him, 鈥業f you don鈥檛 want this stuff, I鈥檓 going to light a match to it,鈥欌 Murray said.&nbsp;鈥淚 didn鈥檛 see his face. But there was almost an audible gasp.鈥</p> <p>The collection includes demo tracks and unreleased recordings, every contract for every record,&nbsp;TV and&nbsp; live performance&nbsp;Murray did until her retirement in 2008. There's a framed gold record from Capitol Records, from sales of <em>Let鈥檚 Keep It That Way</em>, in Australia in 1982. 茄子直播 librarians hope the archives&nbsp;will offer a window into the music industry and how it worked.</p> <p>鈥淔or somebody who's&nbsp;wanting to reconstruct her career, it's all there,鈥 Silversides said.&nbsp;鈥淥ne of the strong points of the collection is it's so comprehensive. It covers her entire career and almost any way she has been documented.</p> <p>鈥淵ou would gain quite an insight into how she handled her career, how she dealt with people.鈥</p> <p><img alt class="media-image attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__6801 img__view_mode__media_original attr__format__media_original" src="/sites/default/files/2017-11-16-anne-murray-lp-2.jpg" style="width: 750px; height: 500px; margin: 10px;" typeof="foaf:Image"><br> <em>The collection includes photographs, and magazine and newspaper clippings. The photo to the right is from Murray on The Muppet&nbsp;Show&nbsp;in 1980. The collection also includes a holiday card from the Clintons (photo by Laura Pedersen)&nbsp;</em></p> <p>茄子直播 Provost&nbsp;<strong>Cheryl Regehr</strong>&nbsp;spoke&nbsp;at the event, remembering&nbsp;family dinners in the living room watching Anne Murray鈥檚 Christmas special on TV.</p> <p>鈥淭hese kinds of archives really give us a critical glance into the working mind, and allow us to appreciate true genius as it evolves when we have the opportunity to see work in progress and the finished work. For our students in history, music, Canadian studies, popular culture, this is really a magical resource that鈥檚 here for us.鈥</p> <p>Murray herself said she hopes&nbsp;members of the public who have access to the digitized archives will see how hard she&nbsp;worked.&nbsp;</p> <p>鈥淚 was on the road so much. You can see by the itineraries that are there. It鈥檚 incredible. I look at it, and wonder how I did it. And remember, I had a young family too,鈥 she said.&nbsp;鈥淚t was my job, and when it鈥檚 your job, you do it, whatever it entails.鈥</p> <p>But she said the work was never boring.</p> <p>鈥淵ou go from doing television shows, to in studio doing albums, to live shows. There were so many facets to the business. But boy, it sure kept you going.鈥</p> <p><img alt class="media-image attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__6803 img__view_mode__media_original attr__format__media_original" src="/sites/default/files/2017-11-16-anne-murray-archives-na-2.jpg" style="width: 750px; height: 500px; margin: 10px;" typeof="foaf:Image"><br> <em>Album covers in the collection are from around the world, including Japan and Germany (photo by Noreen Ahmed-Ullah)&nbsp;</em></p> <p>Looking back now, she said maybe the key to her success was her voice.</p> <p>鈥淚t was a combination of the sound of my voice&nbsp;鈥 when you hear my voice on radio, there鈥檚 no mistaking it&nbsp;鈥&nbsp;I haven鈥檛 heard anyone else who sounds like that ever, except my brothers and my kids.</p> <p>鈥淚t was a very unique sounding voice, and I was good too.&nbsp;But maybe I was in the right place at the right time. I just don鈥檛 know. I just feel fortunate that all of those things happened&nbsp;when they did.鈥&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> <p>One thing the public won't see in the archives is information about her personal life. Murray, who decided to do a&nbsp;tell-all memoir in her 2009 autobiography,&nbsp;<em>All of Me</em>,&nbsp;said she wanted this collection to be about her career.</p> <p>鈥淚鈥檓 very personal,鈥 she said.&nbsp;鈥淚 keep close things to the chest, but the career was something else. I share that with everybody else.&nbsp;</p> <p>鈥淎s a matter of fact, my family often wishes I hadn鈥檛 done it. My son once said when they asked him if he was going to get into show business, he said,&nbsp;鈥榃hy would I do something that took my mother from me?鈥&nbsp;And that鈥檚 true. Why would he? It was hard on the kids.鈥</p> <p>Will she ever come out of retirement to sing again? Murray said&nbsp;not likely.</p> <p>鈥淣o. Once I made up my mind, that was it. Forty&nbsp;years is long enough to do anything, and it was hard work. A lot of sacrifices. A lot of compromises. Even as I look back, I say,&nbsp;鈥榃as it worth it?鈥&nbsp;I don鈥檛 know. It鈥檚 what I knew how to do. It鈥檚 what I was good at. And how do you turn away from that?鈥</p> <p><img alt class="media-image attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__6804 img__view_mode__media_original attr__format__media_original" src="/sites/default/files/2017-11-16-anne-murray-archives-na-1_0.jpg" style="width: 750px; height: 500px; margin: 10px;" typeof="foaf:Image"><br> <em>Scrapbooks include clippings of every article written about Murray. Media Commons' director&nbsp;Brock Silversides said the archives contain almost every documentation of her career&nbsp;(photo by Noreen Ahmed-Ullah)</em></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-news-home-page-banner field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">News home page banner</div> <div class="field__item">Off</div> </div> Thu, 16 Nov 2017 20:59:41 +0000 ullahnor 122045 at As O鈥橪eary bows out of conservative race, Bernier set to take the lead, says 茄子直播 expert /news/o-leary-bows-out-conservative-race-bernier-set-take-lead-says-u-t-expert <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">As O鈥橪eary bows out of conservative race, Bernier set to take the lead, says 茄子直播 expert</span> <div class="field field--name-field-featured-picture field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/OLeary%20Main.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=gpovkGo8 370w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_740/public/OLeary%20Main.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=lOKRZai6 740w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_1110/public/OLeary%20Main.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=0D1dK42v 1110w" sizes="(min-width:1200px) 1110px, (max-width: 1199px) 80vw, (max-width: 767px) 90vw, (max-width: 575px) 95vw" width="740" height="494" src="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/OLeary%20Main.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=gpovkGo8" alt="Kevin O'Leary"> </div> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"><span>Romi Levine</span></span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2017-04-27T11:20:42-04:00" title="Thursday, April 27, 2017 - 11:20" class="datetime">Thu, 04/27/2017 - 11:20</time> </span> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cutline-long field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Cutline</div> <div class="field__item">Kevin O'Leary has dropped out of the Conservative Party leadership race (photo by Disney | ABC Television Group Follow via Flickr)</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-reporters field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/authors-reporters/romi-levine" hreflang="en">Romi Levine</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-legacy field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Author legacy</div> <div class="field__item">Romi Levine</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Topic</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/topics/city-culture" hreflang="en">City &amp; Culture</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-story-tags field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/canada" hreflang="en">Canada</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/politics" hreflang="en">Politics</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/conservative" hreflang="en">Conservative</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/trump" hreflang="en">Trump</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/political-science" hreflang="en">Political Science</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/utsc" hreflang="en">UTSC</a></div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>In a surprise move, Kevin O鈥橪eary has dropped out of the Conservative Party leadership race, throwing his support behind Maxime Bernier.</p> <p>O鈥橪eary cited the lack of support in Quebec as his deciding factor, saying he would not be able to win the general election without it.</p> <p>With the leadership vote only a month away, <em>茄子直播 News'</em>&nbsp;<strong>Romi Levine</strong> asked <strong>Nelson Wiseman</strong>, professor of political science and director of Canadian studies at U&nbsp;of T,&nbsp;and <strong>Christopher Cochrane</strong>, an associate professor of political science at 茄子直播 Scarborough,&nbsp;how his departure will shake up the race.</p> <hr> <p><strong>Does O'Leary's departure surprise you?</strong></p> <p><img alt class="media-image attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__4411 img__view_mode__media_large attr__format__media_large" src="/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/nelson-wiseman.jpg?itok=6hmbpSAZ" style="width: 200px; height: 200px; margin: 10px; float: left;" typeof="foaf:Image"><strong>Nelson Wiseman:</strong> Yes, I think it surprises everyone. I think he decided in the last few days once the numbers were out. This morning, the numbers came out about how many Conservative party members were eligible to vote 鈥 about a quarter million 鈥 and he knows how many memberships have been sold by his organizers. So he did&nbsp;the math in his head.&nbsp;</p> <p>O'Leary is a very polarizing figure and because it's a preferential ballot, he knew he would get a good number of first ballot votes, and he wouldn't get many second ballot votes. Nobody's going to get 50 per cent off the bat.&nbsp;</p> <p>He thinks, 鈥淎m I going to put in another month?&nbsp;I might get badly embarrassed at the end where I don't even run in the top two or three. I've got other things to do.鈥 By being in the race, he's missing out doing his TV thing. He can't do both at once. You could see he was in the race only part time anyway.&nbsp;</p> <p><img alt class="media-image attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__4412 img__view_mode__media_large attr__format__media_large" src="/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/chris-cochrane_0.jpg?itok=b0ZO1NXU" style="width: 200px; height: 200px; margin: 10px; float: left;" typeof="foaf:Image"><br> <strong>Chris Cochrane:</strong>&nbsp;Yes,&nbsp;I'm not sure what's changed now that wasn't equally true several weeks ago. It strikes me as odd that someone who can't speak French and wouldn't participate in the French debates would all of a sudden come to the realization that they can't win a national election because they need Quebec to win.</p> <p>The question I would have is what exactly changed in his camp vis-a-vis the&nbsp;road to victory in a federal election.&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Did he stop&nbsp;taking it seriously?</strong></p> <p><strong>Nelson Wiseman:</strong> I thought he took it seriously at the get-go, and as it got going, he thought, 鈥淚'm going to win it on my terms,&nbsp;or I'm not going to win it.鈥&nbsp;</p> <p>I heard that he didn't think he had enough support in Quebec 鈥 that was always a mystery and that was one area where potentially he could've made gains even though he doesn't speak French and doesn't know anything about Quebec issues. Most of the ridings in Quebec are 鈥渞otten boroughs鈥&nbsp;鈥 the term comes from British history 鈥 these are constituencies in which there are virtually no members. Say each constituency is worth 100 points, if you could sign up five members and if you got all of their votes, you got 100 points. That's the same as 10,000 people voting for you in Calgary South-West.&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Chris Cochrane:</strong>&nbsp;It's hard for me to get inside his psychology, but my impression is he may well have come to the realization that this is something he doesn't want to do. The reason is I can't see him ever having believed, or the people around him that are advising him believed he would ever be able to make a breakthrough in Quebec.</p> <p>To me, it looks like somebody who has come to the realization that maybe in fact he couldn't win the leadership race within the party, which is a very real possibility if a lot of entrenched conservatives&nbsp;weren't willing to embrace him either because they felt he was an outsider, or he didn't have that much support from party stalwarts 鈥 that may be a good reason to step out of the leadership race.</p> <p><strong>O'Leary's&nbsp;leadership style was often compared to that of Donald Trump 鈥 what made Trump more successful in the leadership race?</strong></p> <p><strong>Nelson Wiseman:</strong> Rules are very important to outcome. Donald Trump could win because there were primaries, and they were first past the post 鈥 you just had to get more votes than anybody else. You could win with 38 per cent of the vote.&nbsp;</p> <p>That doesn't work in the Conservative leadership 鈥&nbsp;you've got to get 50 per cent. So even had O'Leary gotten the most votes on the first ballot, he wouldn't have won in my opinion.&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Chris Cochrane:</strong>&nbsp;Whether or not Trump had any sort of unique contribution to the Republican success in the last election is very much an open question. For the most part, people who have always voted Republican voted Republican.</p> <p>O'Leary is different. He is an outsider like Trump. He was an affluent business person. He's been in show business. Those were things that resonated. But he doesn't have Trump's speaking style so he doesn't speak in a way that might connect with folks. Also, the big difference with O'Leary is with immigration. O'Leary's a strong supporter of immigration 鈥 he didn't draw the same kind of crowd Trump mobilized in the Republican party.</p> <p>The differences between O'Leary and Trump are quite significant, the differences between Canada and the United States are quite significant 鈥 so even a Trump-like candidate wouldn't have won here.&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Do you think Bernier now has the best chance at Conservative leadership?</strong></p> <p><strong>Nelson Wiseman:</strong> I thought that Bernier was the odds-on favourite from even before the time that [Stephen] Harper resigned. That is because he seemed to be openly campaigning for the leadership from the moment he entered parliament.&nbsp;</p> <p>If you asked me yesterday who was going to win, I'd say Bernier. However, I am somewhat surprised by how strong Andrew Scheer and especially Erin O'Toole have become. What I'm seeing in this race is that I'm not sure there is an establishment candidate. It really is fragmented, and it's simply a matter of who goes out and sells the most memberships and gets those people to actually vote.&nbsp;</p> <p>I think Bernier has the sufficiently big lead that he could get over the top.&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Chris Cochrane:</strong>&nbsp;It's hard to say. Based on what I've seen from Maxime Bernier, I don't think he's the person who's going to beat Justin Trudeau.</p> <p>The hope is, if he can make a breakthrough in Quebec and pick up some seats for the fiscal conservatives in Ontario and keep the West, he'll be well positioned to at least be a competitive candidate. I don't think he'll be a disaster for the party. I think one of the risks for the Liberals in the next election is that they suffer from an enthusiasm deficit especially if some of the progressives and young supporters who park their vote or are new to voting defect from the Liberals because they don't feel they're delivering as purely with some of their left-wing promises.&nbsp;</p> <p>It's possible the Conservatives could pull off an upset, but I don't think Bernier is the kind of person who is going to be able to draw a lot from the left of the party.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-news-home-page-banner field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">News home page banner</div> <div class="field__item">Off</div> </div> Thu, 27 Apr 2017 15:20:42 +0000 Romi Levine 107021 at Canada 150: New survey finds big gaps in how we study the country's birth /news/canada-150-new-survey-finds-big-gaps-how-we-study-country-s-birth <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Canada 150: New survey finds big gaps in how we study the country's birth</span> <div class="field field--name-field-featured-picture field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/2017-03-29-confederacy.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=a1VZs1dq 370w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_740/public/2017-03-29-confederacy.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=pTYUpGqD 740w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_1110/public/2017-03-29-confederacy.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=lqbtI6-9 1110w" sizes="(min-width:1200px) 1110px, (max-width: 1199px) 80vw, (max-width: 767px) 90vw, (max-width: 575px) 95vw" width="740" height="494" src="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/2017-03-29-confederacy.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=a1VZs1dq" alt> </div> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"><span>ullahnor</span></span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2017-03-29T11:16:24-04:00" title="Wednesday, March 29, 2017 - 11:16" class="datetime">Wed, 03/29/2017 - 11:16</time> </span> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cutline-long field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Cutline</div> <div class="field__item">The Charlottetown Conference was held in 1864 for representatives from the colonies of British North America to discuss Canadian Confederation (image courtesy of Library and Archives Canada)</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-reporters field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/authors-reporters/kim-luke" hreflang="en">Kim Luke</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-legacy field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Author legacy</div> <div class="field__item">Kim Luke</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Topic</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/topics/city-culture" hreflang="en">City &amp; Culture</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-story-tags field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/canada" hreflang="en">Canada</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/history" hreflang="en">History</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/confederation" hreflang="en">Confederation</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/canada-150" hreflang="en">Canada 150</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/political-science" hreflang="en">Political Science</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/faculty-arts-science" hreflang="en">Faculty of Arts &amp; Science</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-subheadline field--type-string-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Subheadline</div> <div class="field__item">University of Toronto and York University researchers surveyed historians and political scientists about how the 1867 Confederation is studied in Canada</div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>A recent survey of Canadian historians and political scientists, conducted by the University of Toronto and York University, has found that there are important gaps in how Canada鈥檚 1867 Confederation is studied in this country.</p> <p>The British North America Act was passed 150 years ago today, triggering the process of Canada鈥檚 Confederation.</p> <p>Canada鈥檚 150th anniversary is heralded by some as marking a great moment in the country鈥檚 history: a view that reflects the opinion of political leaders at the time. John A. Macdonald, who went on to become Canada鈥檚 first prime minister, for example, hailed the union of British North American colonies, predicting 鈥渁 great nationality, commanding the respect of the world.鈥</p> <h3><a href="http://utoronto.us14.list-manage.com/track/click?u=d3cfd48e9c5087b515567af4a&amp;id=49c479d17b&amp;e=403bf92ddd">Read more at <em>The Globe and Mail</em></a></h3> <p><img alt class="media-image attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__4027 img__view_mode__media_original attr__format__media_original" src="/sites/default/files/proclamation_1.jpg" style="width: 306px; height: 480px; margin: 10px; float: left;" typeof="foaf:Image">At the same time, Canadians鈥 views of that landmark legislation seem to be evolving, in part because of increased awareness of the impact of the colonists on Indigenous communities.</p> <p>鈥淭he survey revealed an interesting tension,鈥&nbsp;said Professor <strong>Rob Vipond</strong> of the department of political science who conducted the survey with 茄子直播 political scientist <strong>David Cameron</strong>, dean of the Faculty of Arts &amp; Science, and colleagues at York.</p> <p>鈥淥n the one hand, most respondents said they were most deeply influenced by scholars who had written in the 1960s and 1970s when the rise of Quebec nationalism led to a passionate debate about the origins of Confederation. On the other, a striking number said in effect that it was time to reframe the history of Confederation away from the national unity narrative, especially to take into account Indigenous perspectives that were largely missing from the earlier accounts.鈥</p> <p>Among their key findings:</p> <ul> <li>Research about Confederation placed more importance on studies that focused on political elites and institutions over any other perspectives.</li> <li>Research failed to adequately address Indigenous peoples: the respondents said this needs to be included in the academic literature on 1867 going forward.</li> <li>Anglophone&nbsp;scholars paid limited attention to Confederation scholarship written in French whereas Francophone scholars were engaged with 1867 research whether it was written in French or English. (This finding was compatible with the determinations made by a Bilingualism and Biculturalism Commission 50 years ago that found the secondary education system has traditionally taught 鈥渢wo versions of Canadian history 鈥 an English version and a French version.鈥)</li> <li>Both Anglophone and Francophone respondents agreed that <strong>Peter Russell</strong> of 茄子直播 and the late Ramsay Cook of York University were two of the leading scholars on Confederation.</li> </ul> <p>Five hundred&nbsp;university faculty members responded to the survey 鈥 the first detailed analysis of how universities undertake research and study of 1867. Its insights are significant not only for scholars of Confederation but for the good governance of the country.</p> <p>鈥淲hat scholars research and teach in universities, what we publish and share through the media, plays an important role in influencing public understanding. Many salient issues in today鈥檚 political arena are based on an understanding of what happened at the country鈥檚 establishment in 1867,鈥 said Cameron.</p> <p>In addition to 茄子直播鈥檚 Vipond and Cameron, York University professors Lesley Jacobs, Jacqueline Krikorian and Marcel Martel conducted the survey.</p> <p>Interested in learning more about the British North America Act, 1867 on its historic anniversary? &nbsp;<a href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/test-your-knowledge-of-the-british-north-america-act-1.2806466">Try this&nbsp;quiz</a>.</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-news-home-page-banner field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">News home page banner</div> <div class="field__item">Off</div> </div> Wed, 29 Mar 2017 15:16:24 +0000 ullahnor 106274 at 茄子直播 research shows Canada is not immune to anti-immigration movements /news/u-t-research-shows-canada-not-immune-anti-immigration-movements <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">茄子直播 research shows Canada is not immune to anti-immigration movements</span> <div class="field field--name-field-featured-picture field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/2017-02-08-immigration-survey.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=4ltB4Blm 370w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_740/public/2017-02-08-immigration-survey.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=cC8mx-Ly 740w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_1110/public/2017-02-08-immigration-survey.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=lluOmN0R 1110w" sizes="(min-width:1200px) 1110px, (max-width: 1199px) 80vw, (max-width: 767px) 90vw, (max-width: 575px) 95vw" width="740" height="494" src="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/2017-02-08-immigration-survey.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=4ltB4Blm" alt="Survey of protest"> </div> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"><span>ullahnor</span></span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2017-02-08T12:20:20-05:00" title="Wednesday, February 8, 2017 - 12:20" class="datetime">Wed, 02/08/2017 - 12:20</time> </span> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cutline-long field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Cutline</div> <div class="field__item">Protest in downtown Toronto on Saturday against U.S. President Donald Trump's travel ban on Muslims during the National Day of Action against Islamophobia and White Supremacy (photo by Creative Touch Imaging Ltd./NurPhoto via Getty)</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-reporters field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/authors-reporters/sean-willet" hreflang="en">Sean Willet</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-legacy field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Author legacy</div> <div class="field__item">Sean Willet</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Topic</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/topics/city-culture" hreflang="en">City &amp; Culture</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-story-tags field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/immigration" hreflang="en">Immigration</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/refugees" hreflang="en">Refugees</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/canada" hreflang="en">Canada</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/political-science" hreflang="en">Political Science</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/school-public-policy-and-governance" hreflang="en">School of Public Policy and Governance</a></div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>茄子直播's <a href="http://publicpolicy.utoronto.ca/">School of Public Policy and Governance (SPPG)</a> is part of a joint study that suggests&nbsp;Canadians are not exceptional when it comes to tolerance of refugees and immigrants, and that&nbsp;there is potential here for the same level&nbsp;of xenophobia experienced in Europe and the U.S.</p> <p>The study&nbsp;conducted with <a href="https://www.mcgill.ca/misc/">McGill Institute for the Study&nbsp;of Canada (MISC)</a> and the firm Ipsos surveyed&nbsp;1,522 Canadians between Jan.&nbsp;18 to 27 鈥&nbsp;before U.S. President Donald Trump announced his controversial travel and immigration restrictions, and the recent shootings at the Quebec mosque.</p> <p>鈥淲e know now we are not necessarily more enlightened compared to similar countries around the world,鈥 says&nbsp;<strong>Michael J. Donnelly</strong>, assistant professor of political science and public policy at 茄子直播.&nbsp;鈥淚n fact,&nbsp;attitudes amongst Canadians suggest there is potential for the same kind of hate we see appearing elsewhere if we are not careful.鈥</p> <p>Donnelly initially looked at recent international public opinion research about immigration and refugees, and then he designed a Canadian poll to compare Canadian attitudes against other countries. The survey sought to answer three questions:</p> <ul> <li>Are Canadian attitudes unusual among a wider sample of wealthy countries?</li> <li>What do Canadians know about existing immigration policies, and what do they think of those policies?</li> <li>Are survey respondents restrained by pro-immigration norms from revealing their true attitudes?</li> </ul> <p>The study, <a href="https://www.scribd.com/document/338667559/Canadian-Exceptionalism-Are-We-Good-Or-Are-We-Lucky-Michael-Donnelly#from_embed">鈥淐anadian Exceptionalism: Are we good, or are we lucky,鈥</a> finds&nbsp;that broadly&nbsp;Canadian attitudes are often assumed to be unusually pro-immigration. Canadians have what Donnelly describes&nbsp;as an 鈥渋mpressive鈥 knowledge of Canada鈥檚 immigration and refugee system, and that most are satisfied with&nbsp;Canada鈥檚 multiculturalist approach to immigration policy.</p> <p>But he does not believe that&nbsp;Canada's pro-immigration stance over the last half century is necessarily because of an exceptionally tolerant public.&nbsp;Canada is around average compared to Europe and the U.S. on issues like whether immigrants from poor countries should be accepted and whether the government should be generous in judging people鈥檚 applications for refugee status.</p> <p>About 45 per cent of survey respondents said&nbsp;they would oppose any policy that would end all immigration,&nbsp;19 per cent said&nbsp;they would support such a policy, but about&nbsp;35 per cent were undecided.</p> <p>鈥淭he public鈥檚 tolerance does not seem to be what drives Canada鈥檚 positive history of immigration and integration over the past several decades,鈥 Donnelly says.</p> <p>The study's results have been featured in&nbsp;the <em>National Post</em> with the data indicating a serious anti-immigration movement in Canada is not impossible.</p> <h3><a href="http://news.nationalpost.com/news/canada/canadian-politics/canadians-not-so-exceptional-when-it-comes-to-immigration-and-refugee-views-new-study-finds">Read the&nbsp;<em>National Post</em>&nbsp;story</a></h3> <p>Donnelly and<strong> Peter Loewen</strong>, director of SPPG and an associate professor of political science at 茄子直播, have also&nbsp;penned an op-ed for the <em>National Post</em> on what this means for Canadian politics and its institutions.</p> <p>鈥淐anadian politics are not inevitably set to follow the rhetoric and course we see in the United States,鈥&nbsp;Loewen says. 鈥淥ur institutions, and particularly our leaders, have the ability to maintain norms of non-racism and inclusion 鈥&nbsp;remember, attitudes do not inexorably lead to policies and politics.鈥</p> <h3><a href="http://news.nationalpost.com/news/canada/michael-j-donnelly-and-peter-loewen-canadians-feelings-about-immigration-are-mixed-at-best">Read the op-ed</a></h3> <p>The study also finds that a&nbsp;majority of Canadians think that immigrants are not well connected to society and that they harbour misconceptions about the number and education of immigrants.&nbsp;Loewen and Donnelly argue&nbsp;in the op-ed that politicians and the public have a role to play here:&nbsp;</p> <p>鈥淸Canadian] politicians and those selecting them have a responsibility to avoid xenophobic pandering and to reinforce the norms of behaviour that have allowed the Canadian model, for all its faults, to create the open, exciting and peaceful society we enjoy.鈥</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-news-home-page-banner field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">News home page banner</div> <div class="field__item">Off</div> </div> Wed, 08 Feb 2017 17:20:20 +0000 ullahnor 104623 at 'Unexpectedly beautiful' angling and fishing collection at 茄子直播's Fisher Library /news/unexpectedly-beautiful-angling-and-fishing-collection-u-t-s-fisher-library <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">'Unexpectedly beautiful' angling and fishing collection at 茄子直播's Fisher Library</span> <div class="field field--name-field-featured-picture field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/Angling%20main.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=LdSdhwDh 370w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_740/public/Angling%20main.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=_WIi1pkf 740w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_1110/public/Angling%20main.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=8Vxl16iu 1110w" sizes="(min-width:1200px) 1110px, (max-width: 1199px) 80vw, (max-width: 767px) 90vw, (max-width: 575px) 95vw" width="740" height="494" src="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/Angling%20main.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=LdSdhwDh" alt="Photo of angling book diagram"> </div> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"><span>Romi Levine</span></span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2017-01-04T13:06:47-05:00" title="Wednesday, January 4, 2017 - 13:06" class="datetime">Wed, 01/04/2017 - 13:06</time> </span> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cutline-long field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Cutline</div> <div class="field__item">茄子直播's Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library has received a massive fishing and angling book collection (photo by Paul Armstrong)</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-reporters field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/authors-reporters/romi-levine" hreflang="en">Romi Levine</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-legacy field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Author legacy</div> <div class="field__item">Romi Levine</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Topic</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/topics/city-culture" hreflang="en">City &amp; Culture</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-story-tags field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/fisher-library" hreflang="en">Fisher Library</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/canada" hreflang="en">Canada</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/u-t-libraries" hreflang="en">茄子直播 Libraries</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/culture" hreflang="en">Culture</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/fishing" hreflang="en">Fishing</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/canadian-cultural-property" hreflang="en">Canadian Cultural Property</a></div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The University of Toronto Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library鈥檚 new collection is as fishy as it is fascinating.</p> <p>Fisher has just received one of the largest collections on fishing and angling in Canada 鈥 a total of 1,145 items including books, pamphlets and catalogues from the 16th to 20th centuries, given to the library by an anonymous donor. &nbsp;</p> <p>鈥淸The donor] gave it to us because of Fisher's reputation,鈥 says <strong>Loryl MacDonald</strong>, archivist and director of the Fisher Library. 鈥淸The donor]&nbsp;decided to remain anonymous because his or her concern was not about promoting himself or herself but rather promoting the wonderful collection and the content.鈥</p> <p>The collection has been certified as Canadian Cultural Property due to its aesthetic qualities, research value and uniqueness. Items in the collection, like a tiny fishing manual from the United Kingdom, were once considered mundane and practical&nbsp;but now provide fascinating insight into life hundreds of years ago. &nbsp;&nbsp;</p> <p><img alt="British Angler" class="media-image attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__3020 img__view_mode__media_original attr__format__media_original" src="/sites/default/files/British%20Angler.jpg" style="width: 750px; height: 500px;" typeof="foaf:Image"><br> <em>A British chapbook from 1838 on angling for pond and river fish was meant to be a helpful guide during&nbsp;fishing trips (photo by Paul Armstrong)</em></p> <p>鈥淪omething like that wouldn't have lasted 鈥 it's very ephemeral so it's impressive that a little chapbook survived almost 200 years and is in such beautiful condition,鈥&nbsp;MacDonald says.&nbsp;鈥淚t's a typical little book, but it's so exquisite.鈥</p> <p>A large part of the collection&nbsp;once belonged to French fisherman and bibliophile Albert Petit&nbsp;who amassed material from all over the world.</p> <p>鈥淧etit collected everything. He didn't only collect high-level gems, but he also collected catalogues and trade publications as well,鈥 MacDonald says. 鈥淭hese are things that don't normally last as well. We have some beautiful books here, but we also have little catalogues on fishing tackle that were never meant to survive.鈥</p> <p>The books provide a window into a time when fishing and angling were popular recreational activities. They can tell us a lot about travel and trade at the time of their publication, MacDonald says.&nbsp;</p> <p>鈥淲hat is the basis for tourism in Canada in the early 20th century? A lot of it would have been fishing and angling. You have CPR, CNR railway booklets and pamphlets all on fishing,鈥 she says.</p> <p>Book lovers who aren鈥檛 keen on fishing can still appreciate the stunning binding on some of the books, including is <em>Les Ruses Innocentes</em>, which dates back to 1660.</p> <p><img alt class="media-image attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__3021 img__view_mode__media_original attr__format__media_original" height="500" src="/sites/default/files/Ruses%20innocentes%20embed.jpg" typeof="foaf:Image" width="750" loading="lazy"><br> <em>Les Ruses Innocentes has&nbsp;green Morrocco binding with floral gilt corner pieces added in the 19th century (photo by Romi Levine)</em></p> <p>鈥淚t's odd, but it's also unexpectedly beautiful,鈥 MacDonald says.&nbsp;</p> <p>The collection was&nbsp;certified as Canadian Cultural Property, she says, because 鈥渋t's so culturally significant that its loss would be a loss to Canadian society and heritage.鈥&nbsp;</p> <p>Other materials certified as Canadian Cultural Property at the Fisher Library&nbsp;include&nbsp;the archives of &nbsp;the late <a href="/news/legend-dies-u-t-s-fisher-library-home-boxes-leonard-cohen-s-papers">Leonard Cohen</a> and the archives of acclaimed author and 茄子直播 alumna &nbsp;<strong>Margaret Atwood</strong>.&nbsp;</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-news-home-page-banner field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">News home page banner</div> <div class="field__item">Off</div> </div> Wed, 04 Jan 2017 18:06:47 +0000 Romi Levine 102998 at Report card on climate action: 茄子直播 experts analyze Canada's challenges and successes /news/report-card-climate-action-u-t-experts-analyze-canada-s-challenges-and-successes <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Report card on climate action: 茄子直播 experts analyze Canada's challenges and successes</span> <div class="field field--name-field-featured-picture field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/2016-11-18-canada-climate-lead.jpg?h=8c4bd285&amp;itok=rOxwlY9q 370w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_740/public/2016-11-18-canada-climate-lead.jpg?h=8c4bd285&amp;itok=x7DLb4MP 740w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_1110/public/2016-11-18-canada-climate-lead.jpg?h=8c4bd285&amp;itok=QM-hMtcH 1110w" sizes="(min-width:1200px) 1110px, (max-width: 1199px) 80vw, (max-width: 767px) 90vw, (max-width: 575px) 95vw" width="740" height="494" src="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/2016-11-18-canada-climate-lead.jpg?h=8c4bd285&amp;itok=rOxwlY9q" alt="Photo of factory"> </div> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"><span>ullahnor</span></span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2016-11-18T12:44:09-05:00" title="Friday, November 18, 2016 - 12:44" class="datetime">Fri, 11/18/2016 - 12:44</time> </span> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cutline-long field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Cutline</div> <div class="field__item">Smoke billows out of a paper mill in Sault Ste. Marie, Ont. (photo by Billy Wilson via Flickr)</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-reporters field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/authors-reporters/noreen-ahmed-ullah" hreflang="en">Noreen Ahmed-Ullah</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-legacy field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Author legacy</div> <div class="field__item">Noreen Ahmed-Ullah</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Topic</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/topics/city-culture" hreflang="en">City &amp; Culture</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-story-tags field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/climate-change" hreflang="en">Climate Change</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/environment" hreflang="en">Environment</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/canada" hreflang="en">Canada</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/paris-agreement-cop22" hreflang="en">Paris Agreement. COP22</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/sustainability" hreflang="en">Sustainability</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/international" hreflang="en">International</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/global" hreflang="en">Global</a></div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>With COP22 鈥&nbsp;the UN's climate summit in Marrakech 鈥 ending today, a group of researchers in Canada has issued a report on our country鈥檚 progress in implementing climate actions at home.</p> <p>Four University&nbsp;of Toronto experts are part of Sustainable Canada Dialogues, the&nbsp;voluntary initiative of 60 researchers that issued the report.</p> <p><strong>Liat Margolis</strong> is associate professor of landscape architecture at the John H. Daniels Faculty of &nbsp;Architecture, Landscape&nbsp;&amp; Design. <strong>John Robinson</strong>&nbsp;is&nbsp;a professor at the School of the Environment in the Faculty of Arts &amp; Science. <strong>Matthew Hoffmann </strong>is&nbsp;a professor of political science at U&nbsp;of T&nbsp;Scarborough. <strong>Steven Bernstein&nbsp;</strong>is&nbsp;a political science professor at 茄子直播 Mississauga. Robinson, Hoffmann and Bernstein are also affiliated with 茄子直播鈥檚 Munk School of Global Affairs.</p> <p>The group is 鈥渃autiously positive鈥 about Canada鈥檚 climate policies in the past year on the heels of the Paris Agreement. But the report says that, despite positive steps forward, the federal government has been unable to develop a comprehensive plan because it won鈥檛 address fossil fuels.</p> <p>Margolis and Robinson spoke to <em>茄子直播 News</em> about the report&nbsp;and how&nbsp;Canada needs to address climate change.&nbsp;</p> <h3><a href="http://www.sustainablecanadadialogues.ca/en/scd/acting-on-climate-change">Read the full report</a></h3> <hr> <p><strong>How is Canada doing in terms of its climate change policy?</strong></p> <p><strong>Liat Margolis</strong>: Canada鈥檚 federal government has taken two important steps forward on domestic climate policy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions: pricing carbon and investing in low-carbon infrastructure. This progress, however, is undermined by the decision to approve the Pacific Northwest liquefied natural gas (LNG) project, which is regarded by the Sustainable Canada Dialogues as incompatible with Canada鈥檚 worldwide advocacy to limit global temperature increase to 1.5 C.&nbsp;</p> <p>Other positive steps taken in the last year by the federal government include the release of the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy, setting up an inter-governmental consultation process that began with the Vancouver declaration, and a renewed engagement with Indigenous peoples, in particular by adopting the UN Declaration on rights of Indigenous peoples.</p> <p>Despite these critical steps forward, the federal government has been unable, up to this point, to develop a coherent climate action plan, primarily because of its inability to address fossil fuels in a coherent manner.</p> <p>Recent polls show that 77 per cent of Canadians support a national plan to reach our international targets to reduce emissions. In that regard, the federal government has not responded to the strong support from the public to tackle climate change and increase the level of ambition to accelerate the low carbon transition.</p> <p><strong>John Robinson:</strong> After a long period of inaction on climate change, the federal government has signaled that it takes the issue seriously. As our report card indicates, it is starting to take some positive steps. There are also positive signs in various provinces and cities (the feds can鈥檛 do this alone). But there is a long way to go.</p> <p><strong>What&nbsp;are the successes and the challenges?</strong></p> <p><strong>Liat Margolis: </strong>The decision to put a price on carbon throughout the country starting in 2018 is paramount to curbing emissions. Another major step forward is the $120-billion infrastructure investment plan&nbsp;led by Infrastructure Canada. It exemplifies the federal government鈥檚 decision to favour low-carbon infrastructure and has the potential to deliver transformative shifts toward clean energy and robust public transportation. However, its real impact would depend on selecting projects that best contribute to low-carbon and sustainable outcomes.&nbsp;</p> <p>The Federal Sustainable Development Strategy (FSDS) developed over the last year by Environment and Climate Change Canada is important for its alignment with the United Nations' 17 sustainable development goals and for positioning climate change in the broader context of sustainability. It presents long-term goals, medium-term targets, and short-term milestones as well as evaluation criteria to assess progress. Another positive aspect was the broad public consultation process, which allowed for feedback and served as a way to draw attention to climate change challenges.&nbsp;</p> <p>The Vancouver Declaration initiated an inter-governmental consultation process on four topics: clean technology, innovation and jobs,&nbsp;carbon pricing mechanisms,&nbsp;specific mitigation opportunities, adaptation and climate resilience. This process is helping to mobilize sub-national governments and Indigenous leaders together with the federal government on climate action&nbsp;while addressing the different social, economic and political realities across provinces, territories and cities. The broad consultation is allowing different regions to explore a diversity of solutions, opening room for creativity, mutual learning and cooperation.</p> <p>And finally, Canada鈥檚 adoption of the UN Declaration on rights of Indigenous peoples is an important step in the right direction. As Canada confronts the challenges posed by renewable energies, future resource extraction, and industrial development, Indigenous sovereignty and Indigenous governance are defining issues. The hope is that Canada ensures that the low-carbon energy transition respects Indigenous territorial rights and their special socio-economic and cultural circumstances.</p> <p>Despite this progress, Prime Minister Trudeau鈥檚 decision to approve the Pacific Northwest liquefied natural gas (LNG) project puts into question Ottawa鈥檚 commitment to meaningfully tackle climate change. The impact assessment indicates that this LNG project would be one of the largest point source of emissions in Canada and would increase BC鈥檚 emissions by 8.5 per cent. Continued development of projects with high greenhouse gas emissions will compromise progress in other sectors. It will prevent Canada from meeting its emissions reduction target for 2030&nbsp;and is incompatible with Canada鈥檚 goal to help limit global temperature increases to 1.5 C.</p> <p><strong>John Robinson</strong>: Climate change has been a difficult problem for governments to act strongly on: a long term issue, very diffused impacts in the short term, focused costs of action in particular sectors with strong political influence, ideological conflict about the issue, etc.</p> <p>In Canada this has been coupled with resistance, on the part of some governments to recognizing that the problem is real and serious.</p> <p>Fortunately, some of the benefits of strong climate action (benefits for other environmental and social issues, the emerging outlines of a post-carbon economy, potential leadership in renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies, etc.) are becoming more apparent.</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-news-home-page-banner field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">News home page banner</div> <div class="field__item">Off</div> </div> Fri, 18 Nov 2016 17:44:09 +0000 ullahnor 102446 at Canadian and European boreal forests differ but neither is immune to climate change, says 茄子直播 researcher /news/boreal-forest-research <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Canadian and European boreal forests differ but neither is immune to climate change, says 茄子直播 researcher</span> <div class="field field--name-field-featured-picture field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/2016-11-08-borealforest.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=LM9O2d5g 370w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_740/public/2016-11-08-borealforest.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=_1YmHpLA 740w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_1110/public/2016-11-08-borealforest.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=YkCxR1zo 1110w" sizes="(min-width:1200px) 1110px, (max-width: 1199px) 80vw, (max-width: 767px) 90vw, (max-width: 575px) 95vw" width="740" height="494" src="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/2016-11-08-borealforest.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=LM9O2d5g" alt="Photo of Canada's Yukon"> </div> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"><span>ullahnor</span></span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2016-11-11T15:38:13-05:00" title="Friday, November 11, 2016 - 15:38" class="datetime">Fri, 11/11/2016 - 15:38</time> </span> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cutline-long field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Cutline</div> <div class="field__item">Boreal forest near Kluane Lake Research Station in Yukon (photo by Sophia Lavergne)</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-reporters field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/authors-reporters/don-campbell" hreflang="en">Don Campbell</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-legacy field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Author legacy</div> <div class="field__item">Don Campbell</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Topic</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/topics/global-lens" hreflang="en">Global Lens</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-story-tags field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/forests" hreflang="en">Forests</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/u-t-scarborough" hreflang="en">茄子直播 Scarborough</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/canada" hreflang="en">Canada</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/scandinavia" hreflang="en">Scandinavia</a></div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><strong>Rudy Boonstra</strong> has been doing field research in Canada鈥檚 north for more than 40 years.</p> <p>Working mostly out of the Arctic Institute鈥檚 Kluane Lake Research Station in Yukon, the 茄子直播 Scarborough biology professor has become intimately familiar with Canada鈥檚 vast and unique boreal forest ecosystem.</p> <p>But it was during a trip to Finland in the mid-1990s to help a colleague with field research that he began to think long and hard about why the boreal forest there differed so dramatically from its Canadian cousin. This difference was crystallized by follow-up trips to Norway.</p> <p>鈥淪uperficially they look the same. Both are dominated by coniferous trees with similar low density deciduous trees like aspen. But that鈥檚 where the similarities end,鈥 he says. &nbsp;</p> <p>The real differences are most obvious on the ground, notes Boonstra. In Canada, the ground is dominated by tall shrubs like willow and birch but in the northwestern European forests found in Norway, Finland and Sweden the ground is dominated by dwarf shrubs like bilberry.</p> <p>鈥淭he reason for the difference comes down to different climates,鈥 he says.</p> <p>It also goes without saying that global warming will have an effect on vegetation and the species that rely on the boreal forest, adds Boonstra.</p> <p>鈥淭he data is still coming in but there are indications that this ecosystem is shifting and it could potentially be a massive shift,鈥 he says, pointing to changes in the global carbon cycle and the predator-prey dynamics.</p> <p>Boreal forest covers an incredible 50 per cent of Canada鈥檚 land mass and has evolved quite differently from the boreal forests of Northwestern Europe say Boonstra, who co-authored&nbsp;the book&nbsp;<a href="http://www.oupcanada.com/catalog/9780195133936.html">Ecosystem Dynamics of the Boreal Forest</a>.</p> <p>The winters in the Canadian boreal forest are drier and 15 to 20C colder, with snow that is soft and shallow. In Northwestern Europe the winter is more mild and wet by comparison with deep snow that packs harder. The milder European winters are driven mainly by westerly winds from North America that dip into the Caribbean and carry warm air across the Atlantic.</p> <p>The difference in climate means the plant and animal species in both forests have evolved along two very different paths. The Canadian system is dominated by the extreme cold tolerant tall shrubs and the 10-year snowshoe hare and Canadian lynx cycle.</p> <p>On the other hand, the forests in northwestern Europe are dominated by cold intolerant dwarf shrubs and a three to four-year cycle of small rodent and weasels that live below the snow. It also has a higher density of larger animals like Moose.</p> <p><img alt="head shot photo of Boonstra" class="media-image attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__2430 img__view_mode__media_large attr__format__media_large" src="/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/Boonstra-1.jpg?itok=pAR0QCZ0" style="width: 339px; height: 453px; float: left; margin: 10px;" typeof="foaf:Image">鈥淧redators have evolved to the prey, and the prey have evolved to the vegetation in both places,鈥 adds Boonstra.</p> <p>Boonstra and his colleagues looked at a host of other potential factors to explain the differences between these forests including human activity, density of large mammals and other predators, but the deciding factor came down to climate.</p> <p>The research, which included collaboration from researchers across Canada and Norway, was published in the journal <em>BioScience</em> and received funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and the Norwegian Science Council.</p> <p>Boreal forests are important ecological zones because they cover 11 per cent of the Earth鈥檚 total land surface and make up 25 per cent of the Earth鈥檚 closed canopy forests, which are continuous, uninterrupted forest systems.</p> <p>These forests play a key role in the global carbon cycle that allows the Earth to be capable of sustaining life.</p> <p>鈥淭here鈥檚 no question that a shift in snow consistency and temperature will impact this immense ecosystem,鈥 adds Boonstra.&nbsp; &nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-news-home-page-banner field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">News home page banner</div> <div class="field__item">Off</div> </div> Fri, 11 Nov 2016 20:38:13 +0000 ullahnor 102379 at Today鈥檚 鈥榡ob churn鈥 is a symptom of Canada鈥檚 stagnant economy, says 茄子直播 expert /news/job-churn-symptom-stagnant-economy <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Today鈥檚 鈥榡ob churn鈥 is a symptom of Canada鈥檚 stagnant economy, says 茄子直播 expert</span> <div class="field field--name-field-featured-picture field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/2016-10-28-jobs-lead.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=5Hno73S4 370w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_740/public/2016-10-28-jobs-lead.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=Zx0q6-6s 740w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_1110/public/2016-10-28-jobs-lead.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=mraNbV5g 1110w" sizes="(min-width:1200px) 1110px, (max-width: 1199px) 80vw, (max-width: 767px) 90vw, (max-width: 575px) 95vw" width="740" height="494" src="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/2016-10-28-jobs-lead.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=5Hno73S4" alt="Photo of protest against precarious jobs"> </div> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"><span>Romi Levine</span></span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2016-10-31T09:45:51-04:00" title="Monday, October 31, 2016 - 09:45" class="datetime">Mon, 10/31/2016 - 09:45</time> </span> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cutline-long field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Cutline</div> <div class="field__item">Protest against precarious jobs in Ireland (photo by Ana Rey via Flickr)</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-reporters field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/authors-reporters/romi-levine" hreflang="en">Romi Levine</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-legacy field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Author legacy</div> <div class="field__item">Romi Levine</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Topic</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/topics/city-culture" hreflang="en">City &amp; Culture</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-story-tags field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/faculty-arts-science" hreflang="en">Faculty of Arts &amp; Science</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/economy" hreflang="en">Economy</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/canada" hreflang="en">Canada</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/job-churn" hreflang="en">Job Churn</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/employment" hreflang="en">Employment</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/jobs" hreflang="en">Jobs</a></div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Canada鈥檚 stagnant growth is taking a toll on the job market.</p> <p>After the Bank of Canada downgraded the country鈥檚 economic outlook, Finance Minister Bill Morneau told a Liberal Party meeting&nbsp;that temporary, short-term work is the new normal, especially for young people.</p> <p>鈥淗ow do we train and retrain people as they move from job to job to job?&nbsp;Because it鈥檚 going to happen. We have to accept that,鈥 Morneau said during a question-and-answer session at the meeting last week.&nbsp;The comments almost immediately&nbsp;received backlash from many young Canadians who believe&nbsp;the government isn鈥檛 doing enough to support them.</p> <p>Professor<strong> Rafael Gomez</strong>, director of the University of Toronto鈥檚 <a href="http://www.cirhr.utoronto.ca/">Centre for Industrial Relations and Human Resources</a> in the Faculty of Arts &amp; Science, says the trend toward precarious work is nothing new.</p> <p>He spoke with <em>茄子直播 News </em>about how the economy affects the labour market,&nbsp;and what the federal and provincial governments can do to support vulnerable workers. &nbsp;</p> <hr> <p><strong>Has there really been a dramatic shift in Canada鈥檚 labour force?&nbsp;</strong></p> <p>You have to be careful because what people perceive and what the data we have show 鈥 sometimes they鈥檙e different things. And the Labour Force Survey picks up some of this but&nbsp;not all. But if you just look at the number of people in the standard employment relationship, it has not budged in 18 to 20 years. If you look at the late '90s and compare it to today, it鈥檚 about the same proportion of workers who have full-time, permanent jobs in the labour market.&nbsp;</p> <p>Where is this sense of insecurity coming from? What has increased is the proportion of young people in non-standard jobs, which is everything else but a full-time permanent job. If you break that down a little bit more 鈥 and the Labour Force Survey does this a little bit 鈥 70 per cent of people say it鈥檚 a voluntary choice. That means 30 per cent of a 25 per cent pie is what we could consider to be in the precarious or more vulnerable state.</p> <p><strong>What鈥檚 behind the increase?</strong></p> <p>The problem, I think, is that there isn鈥檛 a very dynamic and fast-growing economy, which underpins growth in the labour market. When we鈥檙e in a stagnant, low-growth environment, it鈥檚 hard if you lose a job to get another one. If you鈥檙e a new labour market entrant of any kind 鈥 that would mean you鈥檙e an immigrant, someone who鈥檚 lost a job or&nbsp;someone who鈥檚 coming out of school looking for a job 鈥&nbsp;it鈥檚 difficult to get your foot in the door because there isn鈥檛 natural growth. New positions don鈥檛 open up.</p> <p><strong>Has this happened before in Canada?</strong></p> <p>The recession of the early '80s was far worse on young people. It scarred an entire generation. There鈥檚 labour economic analysis that鈥檚 been done of cohorts who&nbsp;enter the labour market in particularly bad economic circumstances. You can see the profile of people who enter the labour market during a deep downturn 鈥 and those folks tend to have lower earnings throughout their career.</p> <p>In terms of their attitude and expectations about work and mobility, they鈥檙e much diminished.&nbsp;</p> <p>We鈥檙e not really experiencing a recession. It鈥檚 a period of more stagnant and low growth,&nbsp;which is different.&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>What can the federal government do to support precarious workers?</strong></p> <p>One of the things the government&nbsp;can do is encourage the ability for the labour market to regulate itself by making it easier for workers to join trade unions and&nbsp;to make sectorial arrangements. There are a few sectors in Canada that provide coverage for an entire group of workers. For example, cultural industries have sectorial agreements, meaning that if you work in film or television in Canada no matter where and on which work site 鈥 even if the job is temporary 鈥 you鈥檙e still captured by the same rights a unionized worker would have in a GM plant.&nbsp;</p> <p>These sectorial agreements, not necessarily tied to a workplace, are effective mechanisms. We鈥檝e seen it in the data we鈥檝e analyzed. They bring the wage up, and they ensure benefits are paid.&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Was Morneau鈥檚 speech sending the wrong message to employers?</strong></p> <p>You have low growth, not generating new jobs 鈥 that鈥檚 the reality of the labour market today. That part was true. It should鈥檝e been buttressed with 鈥渂ut we need to ensure people are not being exploited and&nbsp;taken advantage of&nbsp;because they need to get their foot in the door.鈥&nbsp;This is something the government&nbsp;should be watching for and not allowing to happen. &nbsp;</p> <p><strong>What is the Ontario government doing to tackle the 鈥溾媕ob churn鈥</strong><strong>?</strong></p> <p>Ninety per cent of workers are covered by provincial labour laws, labour standards and employment laws so the real action is at the provincial level. The Ontario government is undertaking a major review of its labour laws, which pertain to union management relations, and employment standards, which are for everyone else who is&nbsp;not covered by an agreement. The province is&nbsp;exploring different ways and models, especially to help vulnerable workers.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-news-home-page-banner field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">News home page banner</div> <div class="field__item">Off</div> </div> Mon, 31 Oct 2016 13:45:51 +0000 Romi Levine 101782 at Indigenous people played key role in Confederation, says 茄子直播 researcher /news/indigenous-people-played-key-role-confederation-says-u-t-researcher <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Indigenous people played key role in Confederation, says 茄子直播 researcher</span> <div class="field field--name-field-featured-picture field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/2016-10-25-trc-box.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=1-TXYk2o 370w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_740/public/2016-10-25-trc-box.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=nPDIWCNM 740w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_1110/public/2016-10-25-trc-box.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=w-ytGVPr 1110w" sizes="(min-width:1200px) 1110px, (max-width: 1199px) 80vw, (max-width: 767px) 90vw, (max-width: 575px) 95vw" width="740" height="494" src="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/2016-10-25-trc-box.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=1-TXYk2o" alt="Photo of TRC box"> </div> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"><span>ullahnor</span></span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2016-10-25T15:01:40-04:00" title="Tuesday, October 25, 2016 - 15:01" class="datetime">Tue, 10/25/2016 - 15:01</time> </span> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cutline-long field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Cutline</div> <div class="field__item">Wooden carvings on a box that travelled with the Truth &amp; Reconciliation Commission of Canada (photo by Eyesplash via Flickr )</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-reporters field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/authors-reporters/megan-easton" hreflang="en">Megan Easton</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-legacy field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Author legacy</div> <div class="field__item">Megan Easton</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Topic</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/topics/city-culture" hreflang="en">City &amp; Culture</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-story-tags field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/u-t-mississauga" hreflang="en">茄子直播 Mississauga</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/indigenous" hreflang="en">Indigenous</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/utm" hreflang="en">UTM</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/canada" hreflang="en">Canada</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/canadian" hreflang="en">Canadian</a></div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>A 茄子直播 researcher and his team will be the first to mine a historical archive that promises to shed new light on the critical role of Indigenous communities&nbsp;in the process of Confederation.</p> <p><strong>Brian Gettler</strong>, an assistant professor of history at 茄子直播 Mississauga, will target more than 40,000 pages of documents from the 1860s and 1870s produced by Indian Affairs 鈥 the predecessor to today鈥檚 department of Indigenous and northern affairs, which is the governing body responsible for managing relations with Canada's First Nations communities.</p> <p>Until now, these archives have been largely unexplored by&nbsp;researchers.</p> <p><img alt class="media-image attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__2322 img__view_mode__media_original attr__format__media_original" src="/sites/default/files/Brian-Gettler_2.jpg" style="width: 196px; height: 292px; margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px; float: left;" typeof="foaf:Image">鈥淭he papers have always been accessible," says Gettler. "But Indian Affairs used a complex classification system during these years, which made it extremely difficult to find information.</p> <p>"No historian to date has gotten into the archives like we [have], so it鈥檚 been assumed that essentially nothing happened with Indian Affairs, or very little, during this period when the modern Canadian state was born. Indian Affairs and First Nations have been left out of the equation.鈥</p> <p>Now, thanks to an Insight Development Grant from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council, Gettler and his collaborators (Maxime Gohier of the Universit茅 du Qu茅bec 脿 Rimouski and Daniel R眉ck of the University of Ottawa) will take on the daunting task of digging through&nbsp;the archives.</p> <p>After years of preliminary work, they have 鈥渃racked the code,鈥 Gettler says, for retrieving key Indian Affairs documents related to the creation of Canada, including correspondence between government officials ranging from Sir John A. Macdonald to low-level civil servants, draft legislation,&nbsp;and documents detailing the sale and purchase of Indigenous land and resources.</p> <p>Around the time of Confederation in 1867, Indian Affairs helped construct the legal foundation to enforce Indigenous land policies and the so-called 鈥渃ivilizing鈥 of Indigenous people,&nbsp;culminating in the Indian Act of 1876.</p> <p>This chapter in Canadian history has traditionally been told from the perspective of a few top men in power, says Gettler.</p> <p>鈥淲ith the information we uncover in the archives, we hope to demonstrate that Indian Affairs 鈥 and Indigenous peoples 鈥 were in fact major players in the formation of Canada. We鈥檙e interested in how the conversations were happening internally.鈥</p> <p>Gettler grew up in the United States and discovered 19th-century Canadian history as a graduate student in France.</p> <p>鈥淚 saw Canada in a new light&nbsp;and became interested in how the New World settler nations grew up, laid claim to the land and came to be seen as legitimate in international law,鈥 he says.</p> <p>He believes&nbsp;the&nbsp;research will promote growing awareness among Canadians 鈥 sparked by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission's report 鈥 that Canada鈥檚 history is only comprehensible with a full understanding of Indigenous people鈥檚 history.</p> <p>鈥淥ur country as it exists today would certainly be impossible without the long, problematic history of colonialism, and the relationship 鈥 or lack thereof 鈥&nbsp;between Indigenous peoples and the state,鈥 he says.</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-news-home-page-banner field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">News home page banner</div> <div class="field__item">Off</div> </div> Tue, 25 Oct 2016 19:01:40 +0000 ullahnor 101555 at Debating Trudeau鈥檚 carbon pricing strategy /news/debating-trudeau-carbon-strategy <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Debating Trudeau鈥檚 carbon pricing strategy</span> <div class="field field--name-field-featured-picture field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="eager" srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/carbon_1140_0.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=6YBt9ceI 370w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_740/public/carbon_1140_0.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=z3ebLJON 740w, /sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_1110/public/carbon_1140_0.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=TqNFRSX3 1110w" sizes="(min-width:1200px) 1110px, (max-width: 1199px) 80vw, (max-width: 767px) 90vw, (max-width: 575px) 95vw" width="740" height="494" src="/sites/default/files/styles/news_banner_370/public/carbon_1140_0.jpg?h=afdc3185&amp;itok=6YBt9ceI" alt="smokestacks in Alberta tar sands"> </div> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"><span>ullahnor</span></span> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden"><time datetime="2016-10-04T14:20:17-04:00" title="Tuesday, October 4, 2016 - 14:20" class="datetime">Tue, 10/04/2016 - 14:20</time> </span> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cutline-long field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Cutline</div> <div class="field__item">(Photo by Aaron Huey/National Geographic/Getty Images)</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-reporters field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/authors-reporters/noreen-ahmed-ullah" hreflang="en">Noreen Ahmed-Ullah</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-author-legacy field--type-string field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Author legacy</div> <div class="field__item">Noreen Ahmed-Ullah</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Topic</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/topics/global-lens" hreflang="en">Global Lens</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-story-tags field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/carbon" hreflang="en">Carbon</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/environment" hreflang="en">Environment</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/canada" hreflang="en">Canada</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/federalism" hreflang="en">federalism</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/climate-change" hreflang="en">Climate Change</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/geography" hreflang="en">Geography</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/sustainability" hreflang="en">Sustainability</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/munk-school-global-affairs-faculty-arts-science" hreflang="en">Munk School of Global Affairs. Faculty of Arts &amp; Science</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/utsc" hreflang="en">UTSC</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/news/tags/university-toronto-scarborough" hreflang="en">University of Toronto Scarborough</a></div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-subheadline field--type-string-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Subheadline</div> <div class="field__item">茄子直播 experts weigh in on whether plan will help Canada reach Paris targets or national agreement</div> </div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Prime Minister Justin Trudeau surprised some of the provinces this week with a plan to set a minimum carbon tax.&nbsp;Trudeau announced that provinces would have to adopt a carbon tax or a cap-and-trade system of their own, or Ottawa will impose its own tax 鈥&nbsp;starting with $10 a tonne in 2018, going up by $10 each year to $50 a tonne by 2022.</p> <p>But not all provinces are on board. At a meeting with federal officials to discuss options for carbon pricing 鈥&nbsp;which coincidentally was taking place at the same time as Trudeau鈥檚 announcement 鈥 delegations from Saskatchewan, Newfoundland and Nova Scotia walked out of the meeting. Saskatchewan has previously threatened legal action and Alberta has made its support contingent upon 鈥渟erious concurrent progress on energy infrastructure.鈥&nbsp;</p> <p><em>茄子直播 News </em>asked four&nbsp;experts 鈥&nbsp;<strong>Matthew Hoffmann</strong>, a professor of political science at University of Toronto Scarborough and&nbsp;co-director of&nbsp;Munk School鈥檚 Environmental Governance Lab; <strong>Douglas Macdonald</strong>, senior lecturer at the School of the Environment; Geography Professor&nbsp;<strong>Danny Harvey;&nbsp;</strong>and 茄子直播 Mississauga's assistant professor of political science&nbsp;<strong>Sara Hughes</strong> 鈥&nbsp;whether a pan-Canadian agreement can be reached. Some think it can work. Others are not so sure.</p> <hr> <p><strong>Will Trudeau鈥檚 carbon pricing proposal work? Is there any hope of a nation-wide&nbsp;agreement?</strong></p> <p><strong>Matthew&nbsp;Hoffmann: </strong>There are a number of dimensions to this plan 鈥渨orking,鈥 including whether it helps reach the government鈥檚 climate goals, whether it can be implemented, and whether provinces will buy in. One smart aspect of this plan, even given the immediate negative reaction of three provinces, is that it is very flexible for the provinces. What the federal government is putting in place is a price floor, the minimum price on carbon. That floor only comes into play if a province does not put in place their own carbon-pricing system. Provinces can do whatever works best for their particular situation as long as it meets the price-floor requirement. Further, even if the federal carbon tax is implemented, the revenue from that tax is returned to the province. There is enormous flexibility for provinces here along with a unified carbon price. This is a good recipe, even if there will be some difficulty in getting buy-in from all provinces. In addition, Canada needs to work hard on a just transition away from fossil fuels because of how dependent some provinces are on the energy and fossil fuel sectors. &nbsp;Communities dependent on fossil fuel industries and the ordinary people who live in them will bear the costs of the dislocation that is inevitable in such a necessary transition. It is both right and politically smart to provide support (financial, training, careful transition planning for communities).</p> <p><strong>Douglas Macdonald:</strong> I think there is very little hope. The federal government has been clumsy in its approach with the provinces. First, by insisting on a national price even before the first meeting with premiers March 3 in Vancouver. Then, by ratifying the Paris agreement&nbsp;before reaching an agreement with the provinces. Thirdly, by insulting them yesterday by inviting them to a meeting to discuss common action and then that same day making a unilateral announcement. The provinces are the key players here. What we need to do is put in place a process which will allow agreement on sharing the costs of the reduction.&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Sara Hughes:</strong> Trudeau's carbon pricing proposal has a good chance of working, in part because it requires very little in the near term from several provinces, including Ontario, that have already established carbon pricing schemes of their own. The advantage of the federal government's intervention is that it will help to bring other provinces on board and create a minimum level of mitigation effort expected of provinces. One factor that will help or hinder the ultimate success of Trudeau's proposal will be the decisions provinces make about how the revenues generated from carbon emissions will be used. These revenues could be used to further invest in low-carbon infrastructures such as public transportation or energy efficiency upgrades, or used as tax breaks to polluters disgruntled at having to pay to reduce their emissions.</p> <p><strong>Danny Harvey: </strong>Maybe not. But the federal government still can (and must, if necessary) act on its own. Along with the carbon tax, the federal government鈥檚 actions to reduce greenhouse emissions could include infrastructure funding (including a national HVDC grid to use renewable energy), funding for building retrofits, refusal to approve any new fossil fuel infrastructure projects, vehicle standards and any other standards where the federal government has jurisdiction on the issue.</p> <hr> <p><strong>Environmentally, will the pricing be enough to cut carbon emissions significantly? Will it help us meet what we agreed to at the Paris climate conference?</strong></p> <p><strong>Matthew Hoffmann: </strong>The carbon-price floor in the federal government鈥檚 plan starts off quite low, but ramps up. This should have an impact on Canadian emissions according to economic models. Carbon pricing alone, and carbon pricing at this low to modest level, will likely not be enough on its own to meet Canada鈥檚 Paris targets, but it is a good start and it is concrete national level action that has been missing in Canada for far too long.&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Douglas&nbsp;Macdonald:</strong> No. It will not provide the reduction needed. Canada has to get down to 542 megatonnes (Mts)&nbsp;total emissions in 2030 from a projected level, including the new Alberta and Ontario programs of 709 Mts. That means a reduction of about a quarter. The federal tax will only bring about reductions in provinces which do not have a price, and their emissions are a small part of the Canadian total. It is the provinces which contribute the bulk of emissions, e.g. Ontario and Alberta which account for 60&nbsp;per cent of the total, which must do more. But they are not objecting to the federal statement, beyond Alberta wanting a pipeline, because they know they are not being asked to do more. For that reason, this measure alone cannot meet the 2030 goal. But Trudeau and his government may honestly feel that we have to start with a price throughout the country and then increase it. But there is also a political benefit 鈥&nbsp;by framing the problem as a lack of a national price, rather than a need to cut emissions by a quarter beyond existing initiatives, he gives himself a problem he can solve. He can claim success, as long as everybody ignores the fact that he is not taking action which will meet the 2030 goal.</p> <p><strong>Sara&nbsp;Hughes:</strong> The prices proposed by Trudeau will certainly help Canada meet its Paris commitments, but it alone will not be sufficient to ensure significant reductions in carbon emissions. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions 30 per cent by 2030 also does not represent the level of emissions reductions the international community agreed are necessary to avoid the worst effects of climate change. These carbon prices will need to be accompanied by further policy development and investments in low-carbon technologies and infrastructures, particularly in Canada's cities and energy systems.</p> <p><strong>Danny Harvey:</strong> I can't see how it could. The tax is way too small - when it reaches $50/tonne in 2022, it still amounts to only 11 cents/litre on gasoline, for example. We did not see a real shift to existing more fuel-efficient cars until gasoline peaked at around $1.40/litre around 2008, and it is now around $1.00/litre. Consumers have gone back to buying less fuel-efficient vehicles. Overall, a much stronger&nbsp;price signal is needed 鈥&nbsp;maybe start at $30/tonne in 2017 and go up by $20-30/tonne per year until we reach $200/tonne, which amounts to 44 cents/litre on gasoline.</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-news-home-page-banner field--type-boolean field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">News home page banner</div> <div class="field__item">Off</div> </div> Tue, 04 Oct 2016 18:20:17 +0000 ullahnor 101333 at